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中国超音速潜艇实现100分钟从上海到旧金山

困难

高中三年级

说明文

旅游与交通

中国潜艇利用超空泡技术,使水下巡航速度达到声速,上海到旧金山只需100分钟就可到达。
China is developing a “supersonic” submarine that could travel from Shanghai to San Francisco in less than two hours.
中国正在研制“超音速”潜艇,它能在少于两小时的时间内从上海到达旧金山。
Researchers say their new craft uses a completely new technique to create a “bubble” to surround itself, cutting down drag dramatically. In theory, the researchers say, a supercavitating(超空泡) ship could reach the speed of sound underwater, or about 5,800km/h.
调查者说,他们的新型潜艇利用一种完全新的技术在潜艇周围创造一个“气泡”,以此大大减少水的阻力。调查者在理论中说,超空泡潜艇在水下能达到声速或 5800 公里 / 小时的速度。
The technology was developed by a team of scientists at Harbin Institute of Technology's Complex Flow and Heat Transfer Lab. Li Fengchen, professor of fluid machinery and engineering, told the South China Morning Post he was “very excited by its potential”.
一群科学家在哈尔滨理工大学 流动与换热实验室研发了这种技术。流体机械与工程学教授李丰城告诉《南华早报》,他对这项技术的发展潜能表示乐观。
The new sub is based on Soviet technology developed during the cold war.
这种新型潜艇以冷战时期发展起来的苏联技术为基础。
Called supercavitation , it envelopes an underwater craft inside an air bubble to avoid problems caused by water drag. A Soviet supercavitation torpedo(鱼雷)called Shakval was able to reach a speed of 370km/h or more - much faster than any other conventional torpedoes. In theory, a supercavitating vessel could reach the speed of sound underwater, or about 5,800km/h, which would reduce the journey time for a transatlantic underwater cruise to less than an hour, and for a transpacific journey to about 100 minutes, according to a report by California Institute of Technology in 2001.
所谓超空泡效应,指的是将潜艇包围在空泡之内,从而达到减少水阻力的目的。被称为 shakval 的苏联超空泡鱼雷,能够达到 370 公里 / 小时或更高的速度 — 比其他普通鱼雷快得多。
The Chinese system constantly “showers” a special liquid membrane(液态膜)on its own surface. Although this membrane would be worn off by water, in the meantime it could significantly reduce the water drag on the vessel at low speed. After its speed had reached 75km/h or more the vessel would enter the supercavitation state, Li said.
根据加州理工学院在 2001 年的一份报道,从理论上说,超空泡潜艇能够在水下达到声速,或者达到 5,800 公里 / 小时,这能将跨越大西洋的水下巡航时间缩短到 1 小时之内,而跨太平洋的水下巡航时间大约是 100 分钟。  
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1 . How does the new craft reduce water drag?

A.

By reaching the speed of sound.

B.

By surrounding itself with “bubbles”.

C.

By running underwater.

D.

By holding many tiny bubbles in water.

2 . What can be inferred from the passage?

A.

This “supersonic” submarine is completely made in China.

B.

This underwater craft travels much faster than sound.

C.

There is great future for the supersonic submarine.

D.

The “supersonic” submarine was made in the cold war.

3 . What does the underlined word“supercavitation” mean?

A.

The submarine is like an envelope with bubbles surrounding it.

B.

The submarine is surrounded by an envelope when traveling underwater.

C.

Water drag is removed with the supercavitation technology.

D.

Covering the underwater craft with bubbles to overcome water drag.

4 . What does a swimmer benefit from the technique?

A.

He can swim in water very fast with little effort.

B.

He can wear a swimsuit that can reduce water drag.

C.

He can swim very fast with water bubbles surrounding him.

D.

He can reach the speed of sound when he swims.

5 . What can be the best title of the passage?

A.

The Technology of Supercavitation.

B.

China’s New Submarine Travels at Sound Speed.

C.

Swimsuit Benefits from Submarine Technique.

D.

More Work Needed to Perfect China’s New Submarine.

6 . How many nicknames does New Orleans have?

A.

Three nicknames.

B.

Five nicknames.

C.

More than ten nicknames.

D.

 More than twenty nicknames.

7 . Which is NOT New Orleans’s nickname?

A.

Sin City.

B.

The Big Easy.

C.

The Birthplace of Jazz.

D.

NOLA.

8 . When did they make the book “The Big Easy” into a film?

A.

In the early 1700s.

B.

In 1970.

C.

In 1987.

D.

In the 1970s.

9 . New Orleans _______.

A.

has the most nicknames in America

B.

has the same pace of life as New York

C.

is the most famous city in America

D.

is the biggest city in America

10 . Which sentence is wrong about “The Big Easy”?

A.

It shows the slow and easy-going way of life in New Orleans.

B.

It was a dance hall in New Orleans in the early 1900s.

C.

It was a newspaper writer’s name in 1970s.

D.

It was the name of one of James Conaway’s books.

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